Perennial salvia, also known simply as salvia, encompasses a diverse group of flowering plants in the Salvia genus. Here's some information about perennial salvia:

1. Appearance: Perennial salvias are herbaceous plants that vary widely in size, shape, and color. They typically have square stems and aromatic foliage. The flowers are tubular and arranged in spikes or clusters, and they come in various colors including blue, purple, pink, red, white, and bi-colors.

2. Height: The height of perennial salvias varies depending on the species and cultivar. They can range from low-growing varieties that reach about 1 foot (30 cm) tall to taller varieties that can reach 3 feet (90 cm) or more.

3. Blooms: Perennial salvias typically bloom from late spring to fall, depending on the species and climate. They are known for their long-lasting flowers, which are attractive to bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds.

4. Sunlight: Perennial salvias prefer full sun, requiring at least 6 to 8 hours of direct sunlight per day for optimal growth and flowering. They can tolerate some light shade, but flowering may be reduced in shady conditions.

5. Soil: Perennial salvias prefer well-draining soil with moderate fertility. They can tolerate a wide range of soil types, including loamy, sandy, or clay soils, as long as the drainage is good. Amending the soil with compost or organic matter can improve soil structure and fertility.

6. Watering: Perennial salvias have moderate water needs. Water them deeply and thoroughly when the soil feels dry to the touch, but avoid overwatering to prevent root rot. Once established, they are relatively drought-tolerant.

7. Fertilizing: Perennial salvias generally don't require much fertilization. A light application of balanced fertilizer in spring may be beneficial, but avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers that can promote excessive foliage growth at the expense of flowers.

8. Pruning: Pruning requirements for perennial salvias vary depending on the species and cultivar. Deadheading spent flowers can encourage continuous blooming and prevent self-seeding in some varieties. In late winter or early spring, you can cut back the plants to remove any dead or leggy growth and promote fresh growth.

9. Uses: Perennial salvias are versatile plants that can be used in a variety of ways in the garden. They work well in flower beds, borders, rock gardens, and containers. Taller varieties can be used as focal points or background plants, while shorter varieties are suitable for edging or mass planting. Salvias are also popular as cut flowers and for attracting pollinators to the garden.

Overall, perennial salvias are valued for their colorful flowers, attractive foliage, and ease of care, making them a popular choice for gardeners looking to add beauty and interest to their landscapes.