The Austrian Pine, scientifically known as Pinus nigra, is a species of pine native to Europe and Western Asia. Here are some key points about this tree:

1. Appearance: Austrian Pine is a large evergreen tree with a pyramidal to rounded crown. The needles are dark green, stiff, and glossy, measuring about 4 to 6 inches (10 to 15 cm) long. The bark is dark brown to black and deeply furrowed, adding to the tree's rugged appearance.

2. Size: This tree typically grows to a height of 12 to 20 feet and can spread to a width of 10 to 15 feet. It has a moderate to fast growth rate when young, slowing down as it matures.

3. Growth Rate: Austrian Pine has a moderate to fast growth rate, especially when young. It can add 1 to 2 feet (30 to 60 cm) of growth per year under optimal growing conditions.

4. Sun and Soil Requirements: This tree prefers full sun and well-drained soil. It is adaptable to a wide range of soil types, including loamy, sandy, or clay soils, as long as they are not overly wet or waterlogged. Austrian Pine is tolerant of urban conditions, pollution, and salt spray, making it suitable for planting in urban areas and coastal regions.

5. Hardiness: Austrian Pine is cold-hardy and can tolerate a wide range of temperatures. It is suitable for USDA hardiness zones 4 to 8.

6. Landscape Use: Due to its size, durability, and tolerance of harsh conditions, Austrian Pine is often used as a shade tree, windbreak, or screen in landscapes, parks, and urban areas. It can also be used to stabilize soil on slopes or in erosion control projects.

Overall, Austrian Pine is a versatile and resilient tree that provides year-round interest with its dark green foliage and rugged appearance. Its adaptability to various growing conditions and tolerance of urban environments make it a popular choice for landscaping projects where a sturdy and low-maintenance tree is desired.